Plant Brochure
Obtain the plant brochure below from your instructor and answer the questions accordingly.
Seed Dispersal
Plants
The three main organs in a plant are the roots, stem, and leaves. Roots anchor the plant in the ground and absorb water and nutrients. There are two types of roots: tap roots and fibrous roots. Tap roots are one large root with many small, tiny roots. They do go very deep into the ground. Fibrous roots are made of many small, thin roots. They do not go very deep into the ground.
The stem connects the roots to the leaves, supports the leaves, and transports water and nutrients through vascular networks of specialized cells. Xylem and pholem are the two types of stem tissue.
Xylem transports water and minerals up from the roots to the leaves. Phloem transports sugar down from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
Finally the leaves are the site of photosynthesis. The driving force behind water movement in a plant is transpiration, the loss of water from a leaf. This movement of water from the leaf’s surface pulls other water molecules from the root upward.
Water escapes from the leaf through pores or openings called stomata. Stomata are surrounded by guard cells which are plump when water is plentiful and allow the stomata to remain open. The stomata are also important for gas exchange, so that plants can take in carbon dioxide they need for photosynthesis, and remove the oxygen produced in photosynthesis. When too much water has been lost, the guard cells shrivel, which causes the stomata to close. The stomata must balance the need for gas exchange with prevention of excessive water loss.
The stem connects the roots to the leaves, supports the leaves, and transports water and nutrients through vascular networks of specialized cells. Xylem and pholem are the two types of stem tissue.
Xylem transports water and minerals up from the roots to the leaves. Phloem transports sugar down from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
Finally the leaves are the site of photosynthesis. The driving force behind water movement in a plant is transpiration, the loss of water from a leaf. This movement of water from the leaf’s surface pulls other water molecules from the root upward.
Water escapes from the leaf through pores or openings called stomata. Stomata are surrounded by guard cells which are plump when water is plentiful and allow the stomata to remain open. The stomata are also important for gas exchange, so that plants can take in carbon dioxide they need for photosynthesis, and remove the oxygen produced in photosynthesis. When too much water has been lost, the guard cells shrivel, which causes the stomata to close. The stomata must balance the need for gas exchange with prevention of excessive water loss.
Plant Tropisms
Animals respond to all kinds of things. Dogs run after toys, cats chase mice, and you answer questions when you are called on in class. Even though plants can’t run or speak, they still respond to a variety of stimuli, including light, gravity, and even touch. Plant responses are called tropisms. A tropism is the movement of a plant in response to a stimulus from the environment.
•Phototropism - Response to light
•Gravitotropism - Response to gravity
•Thigmotropism - Response to touch
•Hydrotropism - Response to water
•Phototropism - Response to light
•Gravitotropism - Response to gravity
•Thigmotropism - Response to touch
•Hydrotropism - Response to water
Tropisms are responses in the form of movements caused by an external stimulus. The terms stimulus and response are similar to the words cause and effect. A stimulus is any change in an organism’s environment that causes an organism to react. It’s a fancy way to say “cause.” A response is how the organism reacts to a stimulus. It’s a fancy way to say “effect.”
Example: An organism gets a drink when it is thirsty.
Stimulus: feeling thirsty
Response: getting a drink
Instructions
Example: An organism gets a drink when it is thirsty.
Stimulus: feeling thirsty
Response: getting a drink
Instructions
- In your journal create an entry titled “Stimulus and Response in Plants”.
- Create the table below
- Complete the table by indicating the stimulus and response depicted in the picture. Paste tropism pictures in the appropriate cell.
Reproduction
Brain Pop
Light Spectrum and Plant Growth Lab
Create an entry in your journal titled "Light Spectrum and Plant Growth".
Write a hypothesis in your journal about which color in the visible light spectrum causes the most plant growth. Use an "If, Then" format.
Create the chart below to record your data.
Perform steps 1-10 of the experiment.
Explain why your hypothesis is or is not supported by the data. Write the explanation in your journal.
Write a hypothesis in your journal about which color in the visible light spectrum causes the most plant growth. Use an "If, Then" format.
Create the chart below to record your data.
Perform steps 1-10 of the experiment.
Explain why your hypothesis is or is not supported by the data. Write the explanation in your journal.
Plants
PowerPoint for Plant Vocabulary
Structures of the Flower
Use the passage to color and label the diagram on your student sheet.
Flowers are the plant's reproductive structures. Angiosperms are types of plants that bear fruits and flowers. Flowers are usually both male and female, and are brightly colored to attract insects to help them carry pollen used for sexual reproduction
The receptacle is the part of the branch on which a flower forms. Color the receptacle (10) brown. Sepals are leaf like structures that surround and protect the flower before it blooms. Color the sepals (9) green. Petals are the colorful part of the flower that attracts insects and even other small animals, such as mice, birds, and bats. Color the petals (8) a bright color of your choice. All flowering plants have flowers, but some are not brightly colored. The petals of these flowers are reduced or absent and the plant relies on the wind or water for pollination. The flower has both male and female reproductive parts. The female reproductive structures are called carpels. In most flowers, the carpels are fused together to form a pistil. The pistil has three parts, which can be seen, in the box labeled "pistil". The stigma at the top is often sticky and is where the pollen attaches. Color the stigma (1) purple. The style is the long tube that attaches the stigma to the ovary. Sperm from the pollen will travel down this tube to the ovules. The ovules, or eggs, are stored in the ovary until they are fertilized. Plants can only fertilize eggs of the same species. Special chemicals prevent sperm from fertilizing the eggs of flowers that are not the same kind. Color the style (2) red, and the ovary (3) pink. Color the ovules (4) black. The male reproductive structures are called the stamens. Each stamen consists of an anther (6), which produces pollen, and a filament (7), which supports the anther. In the box labeled "stamen" color the anther dark blue, and the filament light blue. Pollen (5) produced by the anther is carried by insects or other animals to the pistil of another flower where it may fertilize the eggs.
Flowers are the plant's reproductive structures. Angiosperms are types of plants that bear fruits and flowers. Flowers are usually both male and female, and are brightly colored to attract insects to help them carry pollen used for sexual reproduction
The receptacle is the part of the branch on which a flower forms. Color the receptacle (10) brown. Sepals are leaf like structures that surround and protect the flower before it blooms. Color the sepals (9) green. Petals are the colorful part of the flower that attracts insects and even other small animals, such as mice, birds, and bats. Color the petals (8) a bright color of your choice. All flowering plants have flowers, but some are not brightly colored. The petals of these flowers are reduced or absent and the plant relies on the wind or water for pollination. The flower has both male and female reproductive parts. The female reproductive structures are called carpels. In most flowers, the carpels are fused together to form a pistil. The pistil has three parts, which can be seen, in the box labeled "pistil". The stigma at the top is often sticky and is where the pollen attaches. Color the stigma (1) purple. The style is the long tube that attaches the stigma to the ovary. Sperm from the pollen will travel down this tube to the ovules. The ovules, or eggs, are stored in the ovary until they are fertilized. Plants can only fertilize eggs of the same species. Special chemicals prevent sperm from fertilizing the eggs of flowers that are not the same kind. Color the style (2) red, and the ovary (3) pink. Color the ovules (4) black. The male reproductive structures are called the stamens. Each stamen consists of an anther (6), which produces pollen, and a filament (7), which supports the anther. In the box labeled "stamen" color the anther dark blue, and the filament light blue. Pollen (5) produced by the anther is carried by insects or other animals to the pistil of another flower where it may fertilize the eggs.